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Posted by MULE (Member # 63) on October 01, 2003, 07:29 AM:
I was reading on a site the other day that listed 19 subspecies of coyotes. That piqued my curiosity so I did a search on the distribution/location of them.
We have 3 in colorado. Plains,mountain and mearns. I'm sure it would be tough for a layman to distinguish absolutely which was wich in some areas but it would make for a interesting "Coyote GRAND SLAM" if you could tell them apart.
Here is 16 of the 19
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION :
Coyotes are found from Costa Rica to northern Alaska, and from coast to
coast in the United States and Canada. The highest densities occur in
the Great Plains states and in south-central United States. Coyotes are
absent from the barrens and Arctic islands of northern Canada, including
much of northern Quebec, northern Newfoundland, and Labrador. Coyotes
are uncommon where gray wolf populations are high in northeastern
Minnesota, northern Alaska, the Northwest Territories, Manitoba, and
Ontario. The distribution of coyotes in eastern North America has
expanded during this century. In some states such as Florida and
Georgia, coyotes have been introduced [4,12,43]. Today, all eastern
states and provinces have at least a small population of coyotes [64].
Distribution of the subspecies are listed below [61,66]:
Mexican coyote - Occurs in Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Pueblo, and
Veracrus, Mexico. Its range may extend into southern Nuevo Leon and
southern Tamaulipas, Mexico.
San Pedro Martir coyote - Occurs in northern Baja California and
southwestern California (mostly San Diego County).
southeastern coyote - Occurs in southeastern and extreme eastern Kansas,
Oklahoma, Texas, Missouri, and Arkansas.
Durango coyote - Occurs along the Pacific coast drainage of western
Mexico between about 22 degrees and 26 degrees north latitude, extreme
southern Sonora, extreme southwestern Chihuahua, western Durango,
western Zacatecas, and Sinaloa.
northern coyote - In Canada, northern coyotes occur in Yukon Territory,
the Northwest Territories, northern British Columbia, and northern
Alberta. In the United States, northern coyotes occur in most of Alaska
except the southeastern coastal section.
Tiburon Island coyote - Occurs on Tiburon Island off Baja California.
plains coyote - In Canada, plains coyotes occur in southeastern Alberta,
southern Saskatchewan, and the extreme southwestern corner of Manitoba.
In the United States, they occur in Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east
of the Rocky Mountains, and the northeastern corner of New Mexico; North
Dakota except the northeastern quarter; northwestern Oklahoma, and the
northern Panhandle region of Texas.
mountain coyote - In Canada, mountain coyotes occur in southern British
Columbia and southeastern Alberta. In the United States, they occur in
Oregon and Washington east of the Cascade Range, northern California,
Idaho, western Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado (except the southeast
corner), northern and central Nevada, and northern and central Utah.
Mearns coyote - Occurs in southwestern Colorado, extreme southern Utah
and Nevada, southeastern California, northeastern Baja California,
Arizona, west of the Rio Grande in New Mexico, and Sonora and Chihuahua
in Mexico.
Lower Rio Grande coyote - Occurs in extreme southern Texas and northern
Tamaulipas, Mexico.
California valley coyote - Occurs in California west of the Sierra
Nevada, except in the northern part.
peninsula coyote - Occurs on the Baja California peninsula.
Texas plains coyote - Occurs in Texas, except for the northern panhandle
region, the eastern part, and the extreme southern tip. Texas plains
coyotes also occur in eastern New Mexico except for the northeastern
corner, and part of northeastern Mexico.
northeastern coyote - In Canada, northeastern coyotes occur in
north-central Saskatchewan, Manitoba (except the extreme southwestern
corner), southern Ontario, and extreme southern Quebec. In the United
States, northeastern coyotes occur along the eastern edge of North
Dakota and in Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri (north of the Missouri River),
Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois (except the extreme southern portion), and
northern Indiana.
northwest coast coyote - Occurs west of the Cascade Range in Oregon and
Washington.
Colima coyote - Occurs along the southwestern Pacific slope of Jalisco,
Michoacan, and Guerrero, Mexico.
Heres the link
http://www.1upinfo.com/wildlife-plants-animals/animals/mammal/cala/wildlife-distribution-occurrence.html
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Posted by Locohead (Member # 15) on October 01, 2003, 07:40 AM:
It seems to me thatsub-species might be toostrong of a word in this case. Of course, no one has ever accused me of being a biologist. What exactly are the differences?
Posted by Az-Hunter (Member # 17) on October 01, 2003, 08:19 AM:
It's dicey isn't it? A subspecies,as explained to me, can be any obvious or subtle difference in appearance, that can be attributed to coyotes living in a particular area, obviously these boundries overlap,and correspondingly, given enough time and interbreeding of the two different subspecies of coyotes, they could in fact create a new subspecies......deep biological stuff huh:) I suppose I could identify two of the subspecies here in Az. I'll be damned if I know what they are, or if they are indeed different or simply coyotes having similar markings but are members of the same subspecies. Some of our coyotes have white tipped tails,most have more common black tipped tails. Some are predominantly reddish in color,and seem to be more compact in conformation,others have a "wolfy" look, larger,longer and gray coat with longer black tipped gaurd hairs with the distinctive dark collar that drapes over their shoulders....like the one pictured in the top left of this forum.
Ive always heard that 19 figure given too for the number of subspecies, makes you scratch your head for a minute.
Posted by Rich Higgins (Member # 3) on October 01, 2003, 05:06 PM:
This one has long puzzled me. In 1823 Thomas Say officially dubbed the coyote Canis Latrans Say and that seemed to work just fine for for about 130 years. In 1951 Hartley Jackson, a biologist with the US Fish and Wildlife Service, published the results of his research, which entailed the examination of hundreds of coyote skulls procured from every corner of the coyotes range. He identified 19 sub-species. Apparently a number of biologists take issue with Jackson's findings and feel that 8 subspecies would be more accurate. Jackson's criteria for differentiating sub-species was, in most cases, differences in dentition and cranial measurements. Officially only one sub-species is indigenous to Arizona. Canis Latrans Mearnsi. Like Az Hunter I see mostly the standard 20-25 lb reddish desert dog, but I occasionally see the 30-35 lb grey that is an entirely different animal. Fish and Game biologists are no help. It's a puzzlement.
Posted by Cdog911 (Member # 7) on October 02, 2003, 07:40 PM:
I guess I'm lucky. Kansas has two subspecies documented, according to Stanley Young at that time (1951). C. latrans latrans, a light-colored, medium sized subspecies characterized locally by light colored, off-white hair on the forelegs with highly distinctive black markings down the anterior aspect of each front leg, cream and black guard hairs, and nearly white bellies, AND C. latrans frustror, a roan variation of the coyote typically larger than C.l.latrans with dark red on the legs, a darker almost red belly, red, cream and black barring in the guard hairs which gives this subsp. an overall roan cast. C.l.latrans is most common in th western 3/5th's of the state in areas of short- to mixed-grass prairie while C.l.frustror is more common in the eastern most regions in areas of the Flint Hills and eastern deciduous forests. There is some overlapping, especially through my area, but you can usually tell one subsp. from the other from some distance. Of course, there are those danged half-breeds that show both strains and just leave you guessing. Come breeding season, coyotes are color-blind.
Posted by Leonard (Member # 2) on October 02, 2003, 09:05 PM:
I think most of my coyotes fall into these two groups:
mountain coyote - In Canada, mountain coyotes occur in southern British
Columbia and southeastern Alberta. In the United States, they occur in
Oregon and Washington east of the Cascade Range, northern California,
Idaho, western Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado (except the southeast
corner), northern and central Nevada, and northern and central Utah.
Mearns coyote - Occurs in southwestern Colorado, extreme southern Utah and Nevada, southeastern California, northeastern Baja California, , west of the Rio Grande in New Mexico, and Sonora and Chihuahua
in Mexico.
However, I know exactly of what Rich speaks. In AZ, I see a lot of those desert dogs and a few real handsome critters, mostly along the M. Rim, but you can't put them in a box, they might show up almost anywhere.
Speaking of that observation by Vic. At one time, I used to see a few white tiped tails, and would almost bet money that they came from southern Arizona. It seems to me that there has been an explosion of white tips, because in the past ten to fifteen years, I see them in California and Nevada; places where they never used to be.
That's not to say it's a sub species, but it's a distinctive feature.
The Owens Valley and extreme western/central Nevada have a very pretty silver/gray coyote; good sized. Must be a sub/sub species of the "mountain coyote" described above?
Hard to believe there are so many different coyotes.
Good hunting. LB
Posted by Purple220 (Member # 173) on October 03, 2003, 06:40 AM:
In west Texas I have noticed two distinct different coyotes. One is redish smaller coyote mostly found in sandhills west of Big Spring. I have been shooting some very large ( for this area) coyotes N/E of Big Spring that are very silver more like a Northern yote.
Posted by onecoyote (Member # 129) on October 04, 2003, 04:01 PM:
Are you guys telling me a coyote is not a coyote, it's a subspecies of a coyote. Hummm...my question is....which one of the coyotes came first? ![[Confused]](confused.gif)
Are humans subspecies too? We don't all look the same either lol. How does this sound, Homo sapien californious. Range; the southern parts of California down to the northern regions of Baja, California. ![[Wink]](wink.gif)
![[Big Grin]](biggrin.gif)
Posted by Hodgen (Member # 180) on October 04, 2003, 04:28 PM:
I don't know about all this "sub-species" stuff.
But I will say there is a heck of a lot of difference in behavior, and attitude of coyotes in different areas.
I have had oppertunity to call coyotes in a lot of different states across the USA, and there does appear to be differences from east to west, and in the middle.
Hopefully I can find a few of them "easy" ones, out your way Leonard, the weekend after next. Hopefully I can find me a bobcat too.
California here I come....again.
Posted by onecoyote (Member # 129) on October 04, 2003, 06:04 PM:
Hi Hodgen ltns, I'll give you some local cat spots to hunt if you want, I know the cats are there. All you'd have to do is find them and shoot stright. I'll give you my phone #--E-mail me for it.
onecoyote@uia.net
Posted by varmit hunter (Member # 37) on October 04, 2003, 06:13 PM:
I have identified three subspecies in my county. Canis Nocomes to the call, Canis Can't Hitamas, And worst of all Canis Downwindmas.
Posted by Hodgen (Member # 180) on October 04, 2003, 07:43 PM:
Danny,
I dropped you an e-mail.
I think we can find the cats, but I don't know how straight I can shoot.
Them 1000+ mile road trips once there, get rough on the eye balls, come the second night without too much sleep. Even them Joshua trees get funky looking after while. But the desert is an amazing place in the dark. One can't imagine how many things live in that barren place.
Posted by Locohead (Member # 15) on October 04, 2003, 09:38 PM:
Ronnie,
Did you say that your swamp coyotes are extra tall-legged and Cajun yipping? I could of sworn you said ugly and furless too. No kidding on the long-legged part though. It seems like you said they were quite literally much taller than the other Western types. Is that right?
[ October 04, 2003, 09:39 PM: Message edited by: Locohead ]
Posted by varmit hunter (Member # 37) on October 04, 2003, 09:54 PM:
The long legged ones I have seen are down on the costal marshes. This is a tough aria to call due to all of the high marsh grass. Very strange looking. There legs appear to be 5 to 6" longer than Coyotes just twenty miles away.
As soon as my health improves I will try to get back down there, And remember to take a camera the next time.
Posted by Crow Woman (Member # 157) on October 05, 2003, 08:16 AM:
Hey Ronnie,
I have some of those sub-species: Canis Nocomes to the call and I have had alot of the sub species: Canis Stupidcomes to any call! How about you?
Posted by varmit hunter (Member # 37) on October 05, 2003, 05:44 PM:
Sheri. In my case it is more like Homodumbasses Luckemoutes.
Posted by Crow Woman (Member # 157) on October 07, 2003, 03:02 AM:
hehehe... Tum roll please... errr.. a drum roll please Ronnie
Posted by Hodgen (Member # 180) on October 11, 2003, 07:48 AM:
Well, it's sunny and clear here in Pennsylvania today. ![[Smile]](smile.gif)
So if there are no delays in a couple airports across the USA today. I should be enjoying one of those "Double Double's" at the local In & Out Burger, before I go to bed tonight.
California here I come!!!!!
Again
Posted by Leonard (Member # 2) on October 11, 2003, 08:55 AM:
Hodgen, that may be the real reason why the wets are crossing the border; Double/doubles from In-n-Out. Well....can't blame them for that.
Ever had a 4X4?
Good hunting. LB
edit: PS good luck
[ October 11, 2003, 08:57 AM: Message edited by: Leonard ]
Posted by Hodgen (Member # 180) on October 11, 2003, 09:24 AM:
Can't say I ever had one of their 4x4's Leonard.
But those joints have some of the most "kick-ass" burgers and fries in the US. If I would be smart, I would buy a franchise and open one here in PA. It would put a serious whooping on the local burger joints.
What makes it bad, is the joint is within walking distance of my motel in Ontario. I got the Denny's right out my door, and the In & Out right across Vineyard. There is another joint right behind In & Out (Cowboy something or other) that has some of the best Polish sausage I ever ate. I usually hit that place for breakfast. Nothing like eggs, hash browns, and good sausage to start the day.
Oh Yeh....this is a coyote thread, I forgot.
Posted by Leonard (Member # 2) on October 11, 2003, 08:39 PM:
he thing to remember, Hodgen, is that they will make several things that you won't find on the menu. Locals know this, others may not? Try your burger "animal style" when you think of it, my wife likes that version; with pickles and grilled onions. You can also ask for a "protein burger" which has no bun, and is wrapped in several layers of lettuce leaf. Supposed to be no carbs, that way?
They make a good burger. LB
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